ARIA has launched a £69 million program to develop precise neurotechnologies for brain disorders, aiming to transform treatment for conditions that cost the economy billions annually. Established in 2023, the agency is part of a £1 billion government push to fund high-risk, high-reward projects across sectors, from food security to human immunity. The £69 million initiative, part of the £1 billion fund, has already awarded grants to 19 teams working on ultrasound, gene therapy, and deep-brain stimulation. One team at Imperial College London is combining ultrasound and gene therapy to image gene expression in real-time neurons, potentially revealing why certain brain networks malfunction. Over the past 25 years, deep-brain stimulation has become a treatment for Parkinson's disease, and the agency believes similar approaches could target depression, addiction, and epilepsy. In 2013, DARPA awarded up to $25 million to develop mRNA vaccine platforms that later enabled Moderna to launch Covid vaccines. ARIA program director Jacques Carolan explained that the disorders share a common link in brain circuitry, noting that current interventions lack the precision needed. He added that the vision is to build precise neurotechnologies to interface at the circuit level. CEO Kathleen Fisher highlighted the potential for unexpected downstream benefits, recalling DARPA's $25 million grant that helped launch Moderna's mRNA technology and emphasizing that early evidence of non-surgical circuit-level interventions could justify continued UK investment. If the agency can demonstrate non-surgical circuit-level interventions within seven years, it could set a new standard for neurotherapeutics and justify continued UK investment.