Transport & Environment reported that jet fuel shortages triggered by the Iran war have pushed long‑haul flight fares up by about $105, underscoring Europe's reliance on Middle East jet kerosene and the potential ripple effects on the energy sector. Europe’s jet fuel supply has been weakened by the closure of dozens of refineries over the past decade and a shift toward biofuel production, leaving the region with only about six weeks of stock, according to the International Energy Agency . The campaign group estimates an average increase of $105, or 90 euros, per long‑haul flight from Europe since the conflict began, while short‑haul routes have also seen price jumps. Analysts warn that imports have fallen below historical norms this month and are expected to decline further as U.S. cargoes shift to Asia. In its analysis, Transport & Environment noted that “The escalating crisis in the Middle East has sent profound shockwaves through the energy sector, but is particularly acute for aviation,” and that “To the surprise of many is the extent to which the aviation industry is easily shaken by political conflicts around the world because of its over‑reliance on oil and jet kerosene produced and/or transited via the Middle East.” The IEA’s Fatih Birol warned that Europe has “maybe six weeks or so” of remaining jet fuel supply, while market analyst Ernest Censier of Vortexa said imports have dropped from historical norms this month and will accelerate as more U.S. jet fuel cargoes go to Asia instead of Europe.