President Donald Trump expanded federal mandates for farm‑grown biofuels, requiring record amounts of soy‑based biodiesel and corn‑based ethanol to be blended into petroleum fuels. The move is expected to add an extra 28 million acres of cropland, intensifying food insecurity and environmental damage. The policy follows a long history of government support for crop‑based fuels, with the U.S. already devoting 125 million acres to biofuel production and other nations ramping up incentives. The expansion comes amid rising global demand for renewable aviation and shipping fuels, which could push biofuel use to 15 % of the market by 2050. The EPA ’s new blending requirements will expand global cropland by at least 28 million acres, an area the size of Ohio. The U.S. already has 125 million acres devoted to biofuels, and Indonesia’s biofuel targets contributed to a 66 % jump in deforestation last year. The IEA projects that renewable fuels could rise from less than 1 % to 15 % of global markets, requiring new farm fields eight times the size of California. Friends of the Earth, Earthjustice, the Center for Biological Diversity, and the World Resources Institute have warned that the policy will drive up food prices and accelerate deforestation. The IEA ’s analysis suggests that meeting 2030 biofuels targets would require an additional land mass larger than New Mexico, while meeting the IEA ’s global goal of doubling production could require another California. While the expanded mandates may boost farm incomes, they also pose significant risks to food security and ecosystems. Stakeholders in the oil and gas sector should monitor the policy’s impact on fuel supply chains and consider diversifying toward electric and hydrogen alternatives to mitigate the long‑term environmental costs.